O’Bannon v. NCAA antitrust class action / 2010s–2020s
O’Bannon was joined by major former college athletes including Oscar Robertson and Bill Russell, along with roughly 20 other plaintiffs, in challenging NCAA rules that barred Division I men’s basketball and FBS football players from receiving compensation for their names, images, and likenesses in video games, broadcasts, rebroadcasts, and archival footage. After a trial in June 2014, U.S. District Judge Claudia Wilken ruled on August 8 that the NCAA’s compensation restrictions were an unreasonable restraint of trade under antitrust law. She ordered schools to be allowed to provide full cost-of-attendance scholarships and permitted them to place up to $5,000 per year of eligibility into an athlete’s trust. The Ninth Circuit later narrowed portions of the remedy but upheld the central antitrust finding. EA Sports and the Collegiate Licensing Company separately reached a $40 million settlement that could provide as much as $4,000 to as many as 100,000 current and former players whose likenesses appeared in NCAA video games. The Supreme Court declined to hear the main O’Bannon appeal in 2016, while the broader legal assault culminated in the unanimous 2021 NCAA v. Alston decision and the NCAA’s July 2021 announcement that athletes could pursue paid endorsements and sponsorships. The consequences also helped end the old college-football video-game model: EA’s NCAA Football 14 was the last installment before the series returned in 2024 with player likenesses included through new arrangements.
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