Essendon Football Club, James Hird, Stephen Dank, Jobe Watson and 34 players / 2010s
Essendon's doping crisis began with an ambition to give the AFL club a cutting-edge competitive advantage. After James Hird became senior coach in 2011, the club hired high-performance coach Dean Robinson and sports scientist Stephen Dank, who introduced an experimental supplements program built largely around injections intended to accelerate soft-tissue recovery and allow players to tolerate heavier training loads. Players signed consent forms and were told the substances were approved, but the program included a vaguely documented 'thymosin' product that the Court of Arbitration for Sport later concluded was the banned peptide thymosin beta-4, along with AOD-9604, colostrum, Tribulus and intravenous vitamin treatments. The most alarming feature was not simply the substances, but the club's collapsing chain of accountability: club doctor Bruce Reid warned in January 2012 that the scheme was operating at the edge of legality, that its risks were poorly understood and that it could badly damage Essendon's reputation. Although administrators later directed Dank to stop the injections, evidence indicated that the program continued in reduced form until around July, while players were allegedly told by at least one witness to keep the injections from Reid and other staff. Dank was dismissed in September 2012 after making unauthorised expenditures, and later investigations described the operation as experimental and marked by a deplorable lack of records.
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