After serving his first doping suspension, Schwazer returned to training under Sandro Donati, a celebrated Italian coach and outspoken anti-doping whistleblower who had himself raised suspicions about Schwazer before the 2012 scandal. Their stated mission was to demonstrate that Schwazer could return to elite competition without drugs. In 2016, however, an athlete-biological-passport review of a January sample led to further testing, which reported a microdose of testosterone. Schwazer denied taking testosterone and argued that the sample had been manipulated. The Court of Arbitration for Sport rejected his appeal and imposed an eight-year ban, ending his eligibility for the Rio Olympics and later preventing him from competing at the postponed Tokyo Games. The dispute then took an extraordinary legal turn: an Italian criminal investigation in Bolzano eventually acquitted Schwazer in 2021, concluding that he had not committed the offense, while prosecutors accused WADA and the IAAF of procedural fraud and sample tampering. Investigations and reporting by La Repubblica, including police wiretaps and claims of suspicious handling of evidence, suggested that Schwazer and possibly Donati had been targeted because of their criticism of doping and alleged corruption. WADA and the IAAF denied the accusations, and the sports-law ban remained in force despite the Italian criminal acquittal. The result is one of sport’s most unusual unresolved doping cases: Schwazer is legally cleared in Italy but still officially suspended under the international anti-doping system.
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