Lance Armstrong, SCA Promotions, Betsy and Frankie Andreu, and Michael Ashenden / 2000s
When SCA Promotions resisted paying a bonus tied to Armstrong’s sixth Tour de France victory, the dispute became an extraordinary legal examination of his alleged drug use. During depositions, Betsy Andreu testified that Armstrong had told a physician shortly after brain surgery in 1996 that he had used growth hormone, cortisone, EPO, steroids, and testosterone. Armstrong argued that she might have confused drugs used in cancer treatment with performance-enhancing substances, and the other people said to be present—including his physician Craig Nichols—did not support her account. Armstrong’s former business contact Stephanie McIlvain was also said to have corroborated the testimony, but she denied under oath that the conversation occurred.
The case grew more damaging when Australian researcher Michael Ashenden analyzed Armstrong’s 1999 Tour samples for SCA and testified that fluctuations in the results were consistent with repeated EPO injections. He described the evidence as a compelling picture of EPO use, while a counter-report challenged the testing procedures and privacy issues. The case ended in an out-of-court settlement in which SCA paid Armstrong and Tailwind Sports $7.5 million for the bonus, interest, and legal fees. Because no verdict or formal finding of fact was issued, Armstrong treated the settlement as vindication at the time; the testimony and laboratory dispute later became important material for anti-doping investigators.
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