The legal aftermath of the World Cup screening massacre became nearly as tortuous as the investigation itself. Ugandan authorities arrested suspects across Uganda and Kenya, eventually charging Kenyan, Ugandan, Somali, and Tanzanian nationals with terrorism, murder, attempted murder, and aiding terrorism. Several defendants alleged that Ugandan security agencies had tortured them and carried out illegal renditions, accusations that contributed to repeated delays before the High Court trial finally opened in March 2015. Two early convictions came without a full trial: Edris Nsubuga, who said he had participated under threat of decapitation, received three concurrent 25-year sentences, while Muhamoud Mugisha received five years for conspiring to commit terrorism. Their evidence later became important to the prosecution. The proceedings suffered another shocking blow on 30 March 2015, when state prosecutor Joan Kagezi was murdered, reportedly by al-Shabaab agents, forcing the trial to pause before resuming in June. In May 2016, seven of the 13 defendants were convicted of terrorism, murder, and attempted murder; four men, including alleged organizer Isa Ahmed Luyima, received life sentences, while two others were given 50-year terms. Five were acquitted, and another was convicted only of aiding the attackers. The court acquitted all defendants of formal al-Shabaab membership because Uganda had not legally listed the organization as a terrorist group in 2010, a technical ruling that illustrated the tension between terrorism prosecutions and changing legal definitions.
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