Bernard Sainz, a former amateur cyclist with no recognized medical qualification, became known in French cycling as “Dr Mabuse,” a nickname borrowed from the sinister mastermind of German crime films. He presented himself as a practitioner of homeopathy, acupuncture and alternative treatments, yet his influence extended deep into professional sport. In 1999 he was detained in connection with the illegal practice of medicine, and in 2002 Belgian police stopped him for speeding and driving without insurance. They found homeopathic products in his car, and Sainz said he had been visiting Belgian star Frank Vandenbroucke. When investigators searched Vandenbroucke’s home, they discovered EPO, morphine and clenbuterol; Vandenbroucke claimed the substances were intended for his dog. The case widened to include other professionals, including Cofidis rider Philippe Gaumont and Française des Jeux figure Yvon Ledanois. Vandenbroucke later said Sainz had given him drops and injections while assuring him that they were legal homeopathic treatments. He admitted paying Sainz 7,000 French francs for the products and 50,000 francs in fees during the first half of 1999, saying he had been captivated by Sainz’s reputation and photographs with cycling legends. After his release from Belgian custody, Sainz was arrested again in France for violating court conditions that barred him from involvement in sport. Ten used syringes were found in his office, and investigators accused him of possessing and administering testosterone and corticosteroids. Sainz claimed the testosterone was for sexual performance and the corticosteroids were for horses, and that particular case was dropped. Nevertheless, the broader investigation reportedly connected him with 51 athletes, 33 of them cyclists. On 11 April 2008, the Paris High Court convicted him of administering doping products to athletes and practicing medicine without a license, sentencing him to three years in prison, with the first half to be served without release and the remainder under probationary freedom. The episode cemented his image as one of cycling’s most notorious unlicensed medical intermediaries, even though he consistently denied being a doping provider.
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