1981 MLB split-season format; Cincinnati Reds, St. Louis Cardinals, Kansas City Royals, and Montreal Expos / 1980s
The settlement reached on July 31, 1981, ended a 51-day strike but left baseball with a badly distorted season. Because 712 games—nearly 34 percent of the original schedule—had been canceled, the owners divided the campaign into separate first and second halves. The first-place team in each half would meet in a best-of-five Division Series, an improvised playoff round that would not become a permanent part of MLB until the 1990s. The arrangement effectively treated the two halves as separate competitions and produced results that seemed to mock the normal purpose of a regular season. The Cincinnati Reds and St. Louis Cardinals finished with the two best full-season records in the National League but missed the postseason because neither won its division in both halves. Meanwhile, the Kansas City Royals reached the playoffs despite a 50–53 overall record and the fourth-best full-season record in their division. The Montreal Expos won the second half in the National League East, earning the only postseason berth in franchise history while the club was based in Montreal. The format was so vulnerable to strategic manipulation that Orioles fan J. Thomas Codd identified a loophole: a team that won both halves could give a rival an incentive to lose games, since the playoff rules initially created an awkward matchup. MLB revised the rules on August 20. Yankees pitcher Tommy John later acknowledged that once his club had secured the first half, the team lost intensity in the second half. The season's competitive damage was compounded by the financial toll: an estimated $146 million vanished from salaries, ticket sales, broadcasting, and concessions, while attendance and television ratings dropped sharply after play resumed.
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