The 2018 ALCS was played under the growing shadow of an illicit sign-stealing operation that later became one of Major League Baseball's defining scandals. MLB's investigation found that the Houston Astros used a center-field camera during the 2017 season, and into parts of 2018, to watch the opposing catcher's signs and relay the anticipated pitch to hitters. In 2017, the information was famously transmitted through a system of banging on a trash can near the dugout: different rhythms were intended to distinguish breaking pitches from fastballs. The scheme was not merely an isolated player prank. Investigators concluded that bench coach Alex Cora helped organize the system while working for manager A.J. Hinch, with veteran Carlos Beltrán also identified as a central architect. Houston won the 2017 World Series and defeated Boston in that year's American League Division Series, giving the scandal an especially damaging competitive context when the teams met again in the 2018 ALCS.
The scandal broke publicly after the 2019 season and led MLB to suspend Cora and Hinch for the entire 2020 season. Hinch was dismissed by Houston before later becoming manager of the Detroit Tigers, while Cora and the Red Sox parted ways before Boston rehired him after his suspension. The findings did not establish that the 2018 ALCS itself had been fixed, but they permanently altered the historical interpretation of the Astros' championship era and intensified scrutiny of every suspicious in-game communication. The controversy also damaged the reputations of players, coaches, and executives across the sport because the scheme exploited technology in a way that violated baseball's competitive norms while remaining difficult for opponents and umpires to detect in real time.
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