The explosion exposed a chain of regulatory and operational failures. The arena's sports promoter acknowledged that propane tanks had been stored inside the building for roughly a decade without the legally required permits, while the fire department had inspected the coliseum only once a year during the state fair, despite its frequent large public events. Unlike the 1961 Holiday on Ice performance, the promoter had not requested a pre-event fire inspection before the 1963 show. Investigators also learned that a manager had noticed a dense mist of leaking gas and began evacuating nearby employees, but an employee nevertheless entered the room in an attempt to stop the leak. Eight state and local agencies investigated, and a Marion County grand jury heard testimony from 32 witnesses over five weeks. Its inquiry found repeated blame-shifting among the arena operator, gas-provider personnel, and public officials. Seven people—including employees of the gas company and arena operator, Indiana's state fire marshal, and Indianapolis Fire Chief Arnold W. Phillips—were indicted. However, every defendant ultimately had charges dropped or convictions overturned. Victims later received approximately $4.6 million in settlements. Purdue University engineers confirmed in December 1963 that leaked LP gas from the tanks was the most probable cause, and the disaster became one of the first major incidents studied by the newly established Disaster Research Center. The coliseum reopened roughly six weeks later and still stands on the Indiana State Fairgrounds.
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