Published on March 23, 2006, Game of Shadows presented one of the most detailed accounts of the BALCO performance-enhancing-drug scandal. San Francisco Chronicle reporters Mark Fainaru-Wada and Lance Williams spent two years investigating Victor Conte’s Bay Area nutrition center and Greg Anderson, Barry Bonds’ personal trainer and alleged supplier. Drawing on more than 200 interviews, over 1,000 documents, affidavits, and leaked grand-jury material, they alleged that Bonds began using stanozolol in 1999 and followed increasingly elaborate drug regimens during the period surrounding his historic 73-home-run season in 2001. The book claimed Anderson’s records showed Bonds taking as many as 20 pills a day, learning to inject himself, and using a succession of steroids and growth hormones supplied through the BALCO network. Other prominent athletes named in the investigation included Jason Giambi, Gary Sheffield, Benito Santiago, Marion Jones, Tim Montgomery, and Bill Romanowski. The allegations cast Bonds’ transformation and record-breaking power in a new light, while the Giants were accused of looking the other way because confronting their superstar could have damaged the club and embarrassed the franchise during the opening of its new ballpark. Bonds sued the authors and publisher but dropped the action in June 2006. The BALCO investigation, subsequent prosecutions, and the wider collapse of the era’s credibility made the book a defining document of professional sports’ steroid crisis, even though not every allegation in it was legally established.
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