The precise trigger of the stampede was never conclusively established, and a criminal investigation ended without assigning responsibility. Journalist Pablo Lisotto's later reconstruction argued that the exit itself was not locked but was obstructed by a police presence after fans had begun evacuating. Behind the blockage, mounted officers allegedly wielded batons, forcing spectators into an 'accordion effect' in which the crowd surged, stopped, and compressed on the stairs. Other witnesses described poor visibility caused by the low evening sun, a single small light bulb, and confusion over whether turnstiles had been removed or were still blocking the passage. Some accounts claimed Boca fans had sung the Peronist March or thrown urine-filled coffee cups at mounted police, provoking repression; those allegations remain part of the contested historical record rather than a settled official explanation. The disaster occurred under General Juan Carlos Onganía's military dictatorship, and the absence of photographs, autopsies, and sustained public discussion fueled longstanding accusations of censorship and institutional cover-up. Two River executives were initially prosecuted for negligence but later acquitted, while only two families pursued civil claims successfully against River Plate. The AFA and the clubs created a compensation fund of just under $100,000, but families had to waive further claims to receive roughly $1,000 per victim; two successful lawsuits produced awards of about $50,000 per family.
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