The Soviet authorities initially reported almost nothing about the disaster, publishing only a brief notice that an accident had occurred after the match. Soviet sports newspapers even described the game without mentioning the deaths, while Soviet citizens largely learned competing accounts through Western radio broadcasts. Because the official death toll remained undisclosed, foreign reports circulated figures ranging from three to more than 70 fatalities. The confusion exploded in April and July 1989, during glasnost, when Sovetsky Sport first suggested roughly 100 deaths and then published the sensational claim that as many as 340 people had died. The article acknowledged that its figure was an unverified estimate based on unnamed parents, yet international agencies—including Reuters, AP, AFP, and UPI—repeated it, and major newspapers around the world described Luzhniki as a disaster involving hundreds of victims. Detective Aleksandr Shpeyer, who had led the original criminal investigation, contradicted the story in an Izvestia interview on 20 July 1989, giving the documented figures of 66 dead and 61 injured. A Moscow Prosecutor's Office press conference confirmed those numbers in August, and Sovetsky Sport eventually admitted that its account had relied on conjecture and that the evidence did not support the larger death toll. Despite the formal refutation, claims of '340 dead,' a single open exit, and a deliberate police provocation have continued to reappear in later articles and documentaries.
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