McCarty's 18th-round stoppage of Al Palzer on January 1, 1913, made him the leading white claimant to the heavyweight title during Jack Johnson's legal and political troubles. The bout was not a universally accepted world championship in the modern lineal sense; it was a racially defined title created by the era's promoters and boxing culture while Johnson, the reigning Black heavyweight champion, faced intense opposition from authorities and much of the American public. Johnson immediately mocked the idea that McCarty and Palzer could determine the true champion, publicly claiming that he could defeat McCarty, Palzer, and Jess Willard in succession. McCarty nevertheless accepted a diamond-studded belt valued at $5,000 and was presented as the 'world white heavyweight champion.' Afterward, he acknowledged that accepting the belt carried an unwritten condition that he would never fight a Black boxer. He stated that he would honor the agreement and would not meet Johnson 'under any circumstances,' even though Johnson was the obvious sporting test of his claim. The episode exposed the racial machinery surrounding the so-called Great White Hope movement: McCarty was promoted as the possible white savior who might replace Johnson, but the title itself was designed to avoid the champion it was meant to supersede. McCarty's sudden death less than five months later ended the most tantalizing potential Johnson challenge before it could occur, leaving the racialized title and the unanswered matchup as part of boxing's most haunting pre-World War I historical record.
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